R.A. No. 11199 - Social Security Act of 2018

Republic of the Philippines

Congress of the Philippines

Metro Manila

Seventeenth Congress

Third Regular Session

Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-third day of July, two thousand eighteen.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 11199

AN ACT RATIONALIZING AND EXPANDING THE POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY COMMISSION TO ENSURE THE LONG-TERM VIABILITY OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM, REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1161, AS AMENDED BY REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8282, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE "SOCIAL SECURITY ACT OF 1997"

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:

SECTION 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Social Security Act of 2018."

SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. - It is the policy of the State to establish, develop, promote and perfect a sound and viable tax-exempt social security system suitable to the needs of the people throughout the Philippines which shall promote social justice through savings, and ensure meaningful social security protection to members and their beneficiaries against the hazards of disability, sickness, maternity, old age, death, and other contingencies resulting in loss of income or financial burden.  Towards this end, the State shall endeavor to extend social security protection to Filipino workers, local or overseas, and their beneficiaries.

In the pursuit of this policy, a social security program shall be developed emphasizing the value of "work, save, invest and prosper."  The maximum profitability of investible funds and resources of the program shall be ensured through a culture of excellence in management grounded upon sound and efficient policies employing internationally recognized best practices.

SEC. 3. Social Security System. - (a) To carry out the purposes of this Act, the Social Security System, hereinafter referred to as "SSS," a corporate body, with principal place of business in Metro Manila, Philippines, is hereby created.  In the discharge of its mandated responsibilities under this Act, the SSS shall function and operate as an independent and accountable government-owned and -controlled corporation (GOCC) within the corporate governance standards and principles of Republic Act No. 10149 (GCG Law), except as otherwise provided herein.

The SSS shall be directed and controlled by a Social Security Commission, hereinafter referred to as "Commission," composed of the Secretary of Finance as ex officio Chairperson, the SSS President and Chief Executive Officer as Vice-Chairperson who shall automatically act as the Commission Chairperson in the absence of the Finance Secretary, the Secretary of Labor and Employment, as ex officio member, and six (6) appointive members, three (3) of whom shall represent the workers' group, at least one (1) of whom shall be a woman; three (3), the employers' group, at least one (1) of whom shall be a woman; all of whom shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines and shall be of known competence, probity, integrity and recognized expertise in any of the fields of social security, pension fund, insurance, investment, banking and finance, economics, management, law or actuarial science and with at least ten (10) years of managerial or leadership experiene.  The six (6) members representing workers and employers groups shall be chosen from among the nominees of workers' and employers' organizations respectively, as endorsed by the Governance Commission for GOCCs following the fit and proper rule and standards on integrity, experience, education, training and competence.  The term of office of the regular appointive members of the Commission shall be three (3) years, which can be extended for another term of three (3) years: Provided, That the terms of the first six (6) appointive members shall be one (1), two (2), and three (3) years for every two (2) members, respectively, notwithstanding Section 17 of the GCG Law: Provided, further, That they shall continue to hold office until their successors shall have been appointed and duly qualified.  All vacancies, prior to the expiration of the term, shall be filled for the unexpired term only.

The fiduciary duties of a member of the Commission include the following:

(1) Act with utmost and undivided loyalty to the SSS;

(2) Act with due care, extraordinary diligence and skill in the conduct of business and exercise utmost good faith in all transactions relating to his/her duties to the SSS and its properties, and in his/her dealings with and for the SSS he/she is held to the same strict rule of honesty and fair dealing between himself/herself and his/her principal as other agent;

(3) Act for the benefit of the SSS and not for his/her own benefit;

(4) Not to profit as individual by virtue of his/her position and ensure that profits received by him/her from the SSS properties or businesses revert to the SSS and to hold the same as trustee for the benefit of the SSS and its members;

(5) Avoid conflicts of interst and not to acquire an interest adverse to or in conflict with that of the SSS, while acting for the SSS or when dealing individually with third persons and declare any interest he/she may have in any particular matter before the Commission; and

(6) Apply sound business principles to ensure the financial soundness of the SSS.

The compensation, per diems, allowances and incentives of the appointive members of the Commission shall be in accordance with and subject to GCG Law.

(b) The general conduct of the operations and management functions of the SSS shall be vested in the SSS President who shall serve as the Chief Executive Officer immediately responsible for carrying out the program of the SSS and the policies of the Commission.  The SSS President shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines and shall be a person of known competence, probity, integrity and recognized expertise in social security, pension fund, insurance, investment, banking and finance, economics, management, law or actuarial science.

The SSS President may be removed for a valid cause or any of the following reasons in accordance with the requirement of due process:

(1) If he or she becomes physically or mentally incapacitated from discharging the duties and responsibilities of the office, and such incapacity has lasted for more than six (6) months;

(2) If he or she is guilty of acts or omissions which are of fraudulent or illegal character or which are manifestly opposed to the aims and interests of the SSS;

(3) If he or she no longer possess the qualifications specified in this Act;

(4) If he or she does not meet the standards of performance based on the evaluation by the Governance Commission for GOCCs under the GCG Law.

(c) An Office of the Actuary shall be created to conduct the necessary actuarial studies and present recommendations on premiums, investments and other related matters.  The Commission, upon the recommendation of the SSS President, shall appoint the Chief Actuary and such other personnel as may be deemed necessary; prescribe their duties and establish such methods and procedures as may be necessary to ensure the efficient, honest and economical administration of the provisions and purposes of this Act: Provided, however, That the personnel of the SSS below the rank of Vice-President shall be appointed by the SSS President: Provided, further, That the personnel appointed by the SSS President, except those below the rank of assistant manager, shall be subject to the confirmation by the Commission: Provided, further, That the personnel of the SSS shall be selected only from civil service eligibles and be subject to civil service rules and regulations: Provided, finally, That the SSS shall be exempt from the provisions of Republic Act No. 6758 and Republic Act No. 7430.

The Chief Actuary of the SSS can only be removed by just causes which include among others gross incompetence, gross inefficiency, disloyalty, conflict of interest, dishonesty and serious misconduct.

(d) The Commission shall fix the reasonable compensation, allowances and other benefits of all positions in the SSS, including its President and Chief Executive Officer, based on a comprehensive job analysis and audit of actual duties and responsibilities.  The compensation plan shall be comparable with the prevailing compensation plan in the Government Service Insurance System (GSIS), the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) and other government financial institutions and shall be subjet to periodic review by the Commission no more than once every four (4) years without prejudice to merit reviews or increases based on productivity and efficiency.

Social Security Act of 2018   [2]

R.A. No. 11223 - Universal Health Care Act

Republic of the Philippines

CONGRESS OF THE PHILIPPINES

Metro Manila

Seventeenth Congress

Third Regular Session

Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-third day of July, two thousand eighteen.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 1123

AN ACT INSTITUTING UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE FOR ALL FILIPINOS, PRESCRIBING REFORMS IN THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM, AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:

CHAPTER I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Universal Health Care Act."

SEC. 2. Declaration of Principles and Policies. - It is the policy of the State to protech and promote the right to health of all Filipinos and instill health consciousness among them.  Towards this end, the State shall adopt:

(a) An integrated and comprehensive approach to ensure that all Filipinos are health literate, provided with healthy living conditions, and protected from hazards and risks that could affect their health;

(b) A health care model that provides all Filipinos access to a comprehensive set of quality and cost-effective, promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative health services without causing financial hardship, and priorities the needs of the population who cannot afford such services;

(c) A framework that fosters a whole-of-system, whole-of-government, and whole-of-society approach in the development, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of health policies, programs and plans; and

(d) A people-oriented approach for the delivery of health services that is centered on people's needs and well-being, and cognizant of the differences in culture, values, and beliefs.

SEC. 3. General Objectives. - This Act seeks to:

(a) Progressively realize universal health care in the country through a systemic approach and clear delineation of roles of key agencies and stakeholders towards better performance in the health system; and

(b) Ensure that all Filipinos are guaranteed equitable access to quality and affordable health care goods and services, and protected against financial risk.

SEC. 4. Definition of Terms. - As used in this Act: 

(a) Abuse of authority refers to an act of a person performing a duty or function that goes beyond what is authorized by this Act and Republic Act No. 7875, otherwise known as the "National Health Insurance Act of 1995," as amended, or their implementing rules and regulations (IRR), and is inimical to the public;

(b) Amenities refer to features of the health service that provide comfort or convenience, such as private accommodation, air conditioning, telephone, television, and choice of meals, among others;

(c) Basic or ward accommodation refers to the provision of regular meal, bed in shared room, fan ventilation, and shared toilet and bath;

(d) Co-insurance refers to a percentage of a medical charge that is paid by the insured, with the rest paid by the health insurance plan;

(e) Co-payment refers to a flat fee or predetermined rate paid at point of service;

(f) Direct contributors refer to those who have the capacity to pay premiums, are gainfully employed and are bound by an employer-employee relationship, or are self-earning, professional practitioners, migrant workers, including their qualified dependents, and lifetime members;

(g) Emergency refers to a condition or state of a patient wherein based on the objective findings of a prudent medical officer on duty, there is immediate danger and where delay in initial support and treatment may cause loss of life or permanent disability to the patients, or in case of a pregnant woman, permanent injury or loss of her unborn child, or a non-institutional delivery;

(h) Entitlement refers to any singular or package of health services provided to Filipinos for the purpose of improving health;

(i) Essential health benefit package refers to a set of individual-based entitlements covered by the National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) which includes primary care; medicines, diagnostics and laboratory; and preventive, curative, and rehabilitative services;

(j) Fraudulent act refers to any act of misrepresentation or deception resulting in undue benefit or advantage on the part of the doer or any means that deviate from normal procedure and is undertaken for personal gain, resulting thereafter to damage and prejudice which may be capable of pecuniary estimation;

(k) Health care provider refers to any of the following:

(1) A health facility, which may be public or private, devoted primarily to the provision of services for health promotion, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and palliation of individuals suffering from illness, disease, injury, disability, or deformity, or in need of obstetrical or other medical and nursing care; 

(2) A health care professional, who may be a doctor of medicine, nurse, midwife, dentist, or other allied professional or practitioner duly licensed to practice in the Philippines; 

(3) A community-based health care organization, which is an association of members of the community organized for the purpose of improving the health status of that community; or 

(4) Pharmacies or drug outlets, laboratories and diagnosttic clinics.

(l) Health care provider network refers to a groups of primary tertiary care providers, whether public or private, offering people-centered and comprehensive care in an integrated and coordinated manner with the primacy care provider acting as the navigator and coordinator of health care within the network:

(m) Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) refers to an entity that provides, offers, or covers designated health services for its plan holders or members for a fixed prepaid premium;

(n) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) refers to the systematic evaluation of properties, effects, or impact of health-related technologies, devices, medicines, vaccines, procedures and all other health-related systems developed to solve a health problem and improve quality of lives and health outcomes, utilizing a multi-disciplinary process to evaluate the social, economic, organizational, and ethical issues of a health intervention or health technology;

(o) Indirect contributors refer to all others not included as direct contributors, as well as their qualified dependents, whose premium shall be subsidiezed by the national government including those who are subsidized as a result of special laws;

(p) Individual-based health services refer to services which can be accessed within a health facility or remotely that can be definitively traced back to one (1) recipient, has limited effect at a population level and does not alter the underlying cause of illness such as ambulatory and inpatient care, medicines, laboratory tests and procedures, among others;

(q) Population-based health services refer to interventions such as health promotion, disease surveillance, and vector control, which have population groups as recipients;

(r) Primary care refers to initial-contact, accessible, continuous, comprehensive and coordinated care that is accessible at the time of need including a range of services for all presenting conditions, and the ability to coordinate referrals to other health care providers in the health care delivery system, when necessary;

(s) Primary care provider refers to a health care workers, with defined competencies, who has received certification in primary care as determined by the Department of Health (DOH) or any health institution that is licensed and certified by the DOH;

(t) Private health insurance refers to coverage of a defined set of health services financed through private payments in the form of a premium to the insurer; and

(u) Unethical act refers to any action, scheme or ploy against the NHIP, such as overbilling, upcasing, harboring ghost patients or recruitment practice, or any act contrary to the Code of Ethics of the responsible person's profession or practice, or other similar, analogous acts that put or tend to put in disrepute the integrity and effective implementation of the NHIP.

CHAPTER II

UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE (UHC)

SEC. 5. Population Coverage. - Every Filipino citizen shall be automatically included into the NHIP, hereinafter referred to as the Program.

SEC. 6. Service Coverage. (a) Every Filipino shall be granted immediate eligibility and access to preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative, and palliative care for medical, dental, mental and emergency health services, delivered either as population-based or individual-based health services: Provided, That the goods and services to be included shall be determined through a fair and transparent HTA process;

(b) Within two (2) years from the effectivity of this Act, PhilHealth shall implement a comprehensive outpatient benefit, including outpatient drug benefit and emergency medical services in accordance with the recommendations of the Health Technology Assessment Council (HTAC) created under Section 34 hereof;

| Universal Health Care Act [2]

Rules on Employment & Working Conditions of Drivers & Conductors

NWPC Guidelines No. 01

Series of 2019

REVISED OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES ON THE ADOPTION OF PART FIXED, PART PERFORMANCE-BASED COMPENSATION ON SCHEME IN THE PUBLIC BUS TRANSPORT INDUSTRY

G.R. No. 75602

SUPREME COURT

SECOND DIVISION

G.R. No. 75602

December 29, 1989

R.A. No. 11210 - (105-Day Expanded Maternity Leave Law)

Congress of the Philippines

Metro Manila

Seventeenth Congress

Third Regular Session

Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-third day of July, two thousand eighteen.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 11210